Bills & Laws

Every law signed in the 119th Congress, landmark laws from earlier Congresses, and how each one got there.
  1. 1Pick a law below
  2. 2Read what it does in plain words
  3. 3See how many subjects it carries and how lawmakers voted

For each law: who wrote it, how long it spent in each chamber, whether it went back and forth, the recorded votes, what was added by amendment and by whom, and what was taken out along the way. Every item links to the official record at Congress.gov or GovInfo.

120laws signed since Jan. 20, 2025
188median days from introduction to signature, current Congress
9went back to a chamber after changes
35amendments adopted along the way

Signed in the last 30 days

No new laws were signed in the last 30 days.

Updated weekly from Congress.gov. Latest law signed Sep 30.

Lawmaking in context

How many laws each president signed and each Congress passed since the late 1990s, and how much of that output was naming post offices and awarding medals. Public laws only. The busiest Congress in this period was the 106th (1999-00, 580 laws); the least productive was the 118th (2023-24, 274 laws).

Laws signed, by president and termPublic laws signed during each four-year term
  • Democratic president
  • Republican president
05001,000974Clinton II1997-01876Bush I2001-05942Bush II2005-09666Obama I2009-13624Obama II2013-17786Trump I2017-21636Biden2021-25118Trump II2025-now
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ValueNote
Clinton II (1997-01)974
Bush I (2001-05)876
Bush II (2005-09)942
Obama I (2009-13)666
Obama II (2013-17)624
Trump I (2017-21)786
Biden (2021-25)636
Trump II (2025-now)118Term in progress

Terms run inauguration to inauguration (Jan. 20). The current term is still in progress.

Laws signed per year in officeEvens out the term still in progress
  • Democratic president
  • Republican president
0100200300243.5Clinton II1997-01219Bush I2001-05235.5Bush II2005-09166.5Obama I2009-13156Obama II2013-17196.5Trump I2017-21159Biden2021-2569.1Trump II2025-now
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ValueNote
Clinton II (1997-01)243.5
Bush I (2001-05)219
Bush II (2005-09)235.5
Obama I (2009-13)166.5
Obama II (2013-17)156
Trump I (2017-21)196.5
Biden (2021-25)159
Trump II (2025-now)69.1Rate so far in this term
Laws passed by each CongressColored by who controlled the House, Senate and White House
  • Unified Democratic
  • Unified Republican
  • Divided government
0200400600394105th1997-98580106th1999-00377107th2001-02498108th2003-04482109th2005-06460110th2007-08383111th2009-10283112th2011-12296113th2013-14329114th2015-16442115th2017-18344116th2019-20362117th2021-22274118th2023-24118119th2025-26
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ValueNote
105th (1997-98)394
106th (1999-00)580
107th (2001-02)377Senate split 50-50 in 2001; Democrats took control in June 2001 and Republicans in Jan. 2003.
108th (2003-04)498
109th (2005-06)482
110th (2007-08)460
111th (2009-10)383
112th (2011-12)283
113th (2013-14)296
114th (2015-16)329
115th (2017-18)442
116th (2019-20)344
117th (2021-22)362Senate split 50-50; Democrats controlled through the Vice President's tie-breaking vote.
118th (2023-24)274
119th (2025-26)118Congress in progress

Party control for most of each Congress, from the House and Senate historians.

How much of it was ceremonialLaws that only name a building, award a medal or mint a coin, identified by title
  • All other laws
  • Namings, medals and commemorative coins
0200400600394105th1997-98580106th1999-00377107th2001-02498108th2003-04482109th2005-06460110th2007-08383111th2009-10283112th2011-12296113th2013-14329114th2015-16442115th2017-18344116th2019-20362117th2021-22274118th2023-24118119th2025-26
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All other lawsNamings, medals and commemorative coinsTotalNote
105th (1997-98)36034394
106th (1999-00)48694580
107th (2001-02)30770377
108th (2003-04)380118498
109th (2005-06)356126482
110th (2007-08)304156460
111th (2009-10)28796383
112th (2011-12)21766283
113th (2013-14)22670296
114th (2015-16)24386329
115th (2017-18)332110442
116th (2019-20)24995344
117th (2021-22)262100362
118th (2023-24)18292274
119th (2025-26)1108118Congress in progress

Source: Congress.gov public-law records, updated October 6, 2026. Party control: House and Senate historians. Ceremonial laws are identified by keywords in their titles, so a few may be missed or misclassified.

122 of 122 laws

Source: Congress.gov (Library of Congress) bill records, amendments and actions; bill text versions from GovInfo (U.S. Government Publishing Office). Summaries are written by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service.