TAKE IT DOWN Act
Signed into law May 19, 2025 · Science, Technology, Communications
What this law does
- Bans posting intimate images of a person online without consent, including real and computer-generated (deepfake) images, when meant to harm or harass.
- Bans posting such images of minors meant to abuse, harass or sexually gratify, and bans threats to post such images.
- Sets prison time, fines and required repayment to victims for violators.
- Requires websites and apps built on user posts to set up a way for victims to request removal of these images.
- Requires those platforms to remove reported images within 48 hours.
The U.S. Constitution does not limit a bill to one subject, so a single law can carry several separate measures. Lawmakers vote yes or no on the whole package.
Plain-language list by Voting On, based only on the official summary by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service and the bill's titles. Read the official summary.
How it became law
- IntroducedJan 16, 2025 · Senate
- 28 daysPassed SenateFeb 13, 2025
- 74 daysPassed HouseApr 28, 2025
- 21 daysPresented to the PresidentMay 19, 2025
- Same daySigned into lawMay 19, 2025
Official summary
Tools to Address Known Exploitation by Immobilizing Technological Deepfakes on Websites and Networks Act or the TAKE IT DOWN Act
This act generally prohibits the nonconsensual online publication of intimate visual depictions of individuals, both authentic and computer-generated, and requires certain online platforms (e.g., social media platforms) to promptly remove such depictions upon receiving notice of their existence.
Specifically, the act prohibits the online publication of intimate visual depictions of
- an adult subject where publication is intended to cause or does cause harm to the subject, and where the depiction was published without the subject’s consent or, in the case of an authentic depiction, was created or obtained under circumstances where the adult had a reasonable expectation of privacy; or
- a minor subject where publication is intended to abuse or harass the minor or to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person.
Violators are subject to mandatory restitution and criminal penalties, including prison, a fine, or both. Threats to publish intimate visual depictions of a subject are similarly prohibited and subject to criminal penalties.
Separately, covered platforms must establish a process through which subjects of intimate visual depictions may notify the platform of the existence of, and request removal of, an intimate visual depiction including the subject that was published without the subject’s consent. Covered platforms must remove such depictions within 48 hours of notification. Under the act, covered platforms are defined as public websites, online services, or applications that primarily provide a forum for user-generated content.
Summary by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service (Public Law, May 19, 2025).
Who wrote it
Sponsor: Sen. Cruz, Ted [R-TX]
21 cosponsors: 11 Democrats, 10 Republicans. 18 signed on the day it was introduced, 3 joined later.
Show all cosponsors
| Cosponsor | Signed on | |
|---|---|---|
| Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Capito, Shelley Moore [R-WV] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Blumenthal, Richard [D-CT] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Cassidy, Bill [R-LA] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Booker, Cory A. [D-NJ] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Barrasso, John [R-WY] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Rosen, Jacky [D-NV] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Lummis, Cynthia M. [R-WY] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Hickenlooper, John W. [D-CO] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Blackburn, Marsha [R-TN] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Wicker, Roger F. [R-MS] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Young, Todd [R-IN] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Curtis, John R. [R-UT] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Sheehy, Tim [R-MT] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Warnock, Raphael G. [D-GA] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Heinrich, Martin [D-NM] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Peters, Gary C. [D-MI] | Jan 16, 2025 | Original cosponsor |
| Sen. Schiff, Adam B. [D-CA] | Jan 21, 2025 | |
| Sen. Cortez Masto, Catherine [D-NV] | Feb 5, 2025 | |
| Sen. Shaheen, Jeanne [D-NH] | Feb 6, 2025 |
Recorded votes
| Date | Chamber | Vote | Yeas | Nays |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 28, 2025 | House | On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 409 - 2 (Roll no. 104). | 409 | 2 |
What was added
Amendments adopted (0)
No floor amendments were adopted. Any changes were made in committee or in a later version of the bill.
Sections in the final law that were not in the first version (Introduced in Senate) (0)
None. Every section heading in the final law was already in the first version (Introduced in Senate).
What was removed
Sections in the first version (Introduced in Senate) that did not make it into the law (0)
None. Every section heading from the first version (Introduced in Senate) remains in the law.
Compared by section heading between the Introduced in Senate text (Jan 16, 2025) and the Enrolled Bill text, both from GovInfo. Wording changes inside a section that kept its heading are not shown here; see the amendments and the text versions.
Proposed but not adopted
No amendments were voted down or withdrawn.
Full action history
Show all 23 official actions
| May 19, 2025 | Presented to President. |
| May 19, 2025 | Presented to President. |
| May 19, 2025 | Signed by President. |
| May 19, 2025 | Signed by President. |
| May 19, 2025 | Became Public Law No: 119-12. |
| May 19, 2025 | Became Public Law No: 119-12. |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection. |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 409 - 2 (Roll no. 104). (text: CR H1644-1645: 1) |
| Apr 28, 2025 | On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 409 - 2 (Roll no. 104). (text: CR H1644-1645) |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H1669) |
| Apr 28, 2025 | At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed. |
| Apr 28, 2025 | DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 146. |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H1644-1643) |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Mr. Bilirakis moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill. |
| Feb 14, 2025 | Held at the desk. |
| Feb 14, 2025 | Received in the House. |
| Feb 13, 2025 | Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation discharged by Unanimous Consent. |
| Feb 13, 2025 | Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation discharged by Unanimous Consent. |
| Feb 13, 2025 | Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. |
| Feb 13, 2025 | Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S988; text: CR S988-990) |
| Feb 13, 2025 | Message on Senate action sent to the House. |
| Jan 16, 2025 | Introduced in Senate |
| Jan 16, 2025 | Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. |
Sources: Congress.gov (bill record, sponsors, actions, amendments, CRS summary) and GovInfo (official text). Days are calendar days.